feat(thinking): complete thinking UX/DX for all providers

- Fix codex off-mode bug: add disableEffort to CodexReasoningProxy
  so mode=off actually skips reasoning injection
- Add CCS_THINKING env var (priority: flag > env > config)
- Add startup feedback: [i] Thinking: <level> (<source>)
- Add ccs config thinking CLI subcommand with --mode, --override,
  --tier, --provider-override, --clear-override
- Dashboard: add manual override selector when mode=manual
- Dashboard: add provider overrides collapsible section
- Dashboard: update info box with CCS_THINKING env var docs
- Update help-command.ts with CCS_THINKING and config thinking

Closes #583

src/cliproxy/codex-reasoning-proxy.ts

@@ -25,6 +25,8 @@ export interface CodexReasoningProxyConfig {
    * Example: '/api/provider/codex' will transform '/api/provider/codex/v1/messages' to '/v1/messages'
    */
   stripPathPrefix?: string;
+  /** When true, skip reasoning effort injection entirely (thinking mode: off) */
+  disableEffort?: boolean;
 }
 
 const EXTENDED_CONTEXT_SUFFIX_REGEX = /\[1m\]$/i;
@@ -147,7 +149,12 @@ export class CodexReasoningProxy {
   private readonly config: Required<
     Pick<
       CodexReasoningProxyConfig,
-      'upstreamBaseUrl' | 'verbose' | 'timeoutMs' | 'defaultEffort' | 'traceFilePath'
+      | 'upstreamBaseUrl'
+      | 'verbose'
+      | 'timeoutMs'
+      | 'defaultEffort'
+      | 'traceFilePath'
+      | 'disableEffort'
     >
   > &
     Pick<CodexReasoningProxyConfig, 'modelMap' | 'stripPathPrefix'>;
@@ -170,6 +177,7 @@ export class CodexReasoningProxy {
       defaultEffort: config.defaultEffort ?? 'medium',
       traceFilePath: config.traceFilePath ?? '',
       stripPathPrefix: config.stripPathPrefix,
+      disableEffort: config.disableEffort ?? false,
     };
     this.modelEffort = buildCodexModelEffortMap(this.config.modelMap, this.config.defaultEffort);
   }
@@ -330,6 +338,20 @@ export class CodexReasoningProxy {
         ? stripExtendedContextSuffix(originalModel)
         : null;
 
+      // When effort is disabled (thinking mode: off), strip model suffix but don't inject reasoning
+      if (this.config.disableEffort) {
+        const suffixParsed = normalizedRequestModel
+          ? parseModelEffortSuffix(normalizedRequestModel)
+          : null;
+        const upstreamModel = suffixParsed?.upstreamModel ?? normalizedRequestModel;
+        const forwarded =
+          upstreamModel && isRecord(parsed) ? { ...parsed, model: upstreamModel } : parsed;
+
+        this.log(`[disabled] model=${originalModel ?? 'null'} -> passthrough (no reasoning)`);
+        await this.forwardJson(req, res, fullUpstreamUrl, forwarded);
+        return;
+      }
+
       // Support "model aliases" like `gpt-5.2-codex-xhigh` by translating to:
       // - upstream model: `gpt-5.2-codex`
       // - reasoning.effort: `xhigh`

src/cliproxy/executor/index.ts

@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ import {
   installWebSearchHook,
   displayWebSearchStatus,
 } from '../../utils/websearch-manager';
-import { loadOrCreateUnifiedConfig } from '../../config/unified-config-loader';
+import { loadOrCreateUnifiedConfig, getThinkingConfig } from '../../config/unified-config-loader';
 import { installImageAnalyzerHook } from '../../utils/hooks';
 import { HttpsTunnelProxy } from '../https-tunnel-proxy';
 import { isKiroAuthMethod, KiroAuthMethod, normalizeKiroAuthMethod } from '../auth/auth-types';
@@ -354,7 +354,20 @@ export async function execClaudeWithCLIProxy(
     process.exit(1);
   }
 
-  const thinkingOverride = thinkingParse.value;
+  // Priority: CLI flag > CCS_THINKING env var > config.yaml
+  let thinkingOverride = thinkingParse.value;
+  let thinkingSource: 'flag' | 'env' | 'config' | undefined =
+    thinkingOverride !== undefined ? 'flag' : undefined;
+
+  if (thinkingOverride === undefined && process.env.CCS_THINKING) {
+    const envVal = process.env.CCS_THINKING.trim();
+    if (envVal) {
+      // Parse same as CLI: integer string → number, else string
+      thinkingOverride = /^-?\d+$/.test(envVal) ? Number.parseInt(envVal, 10) : envVal;
+      thinkingSource = 'env';
+    }
+  }
+
   if (thinkingParse.duplicateDisplays.length > 0) {
     console.warn(
       `[!] Multiple reasoning flags detected. Using first occurrence: ${thinkingParse.sourceDisplay}`
@@ -804,10 +817,18 @@ export async function execClaudeWithCLIProxy(
           process.env.CCS_CODEX_REASONING_TRACE === '1' ||
           process.env.CCS_CODEX_REASONING_TRACE === 'true';
         const stripPathPrefix = useRemoteProxy ? '/api/provider/codex' : undefined;
+        const thinkingCfg = getThinkingConfig();
+        const codexThinkingOff =
+          (thinkingCfg.mode === 'off' && thinkingOverride === undefined) ||
+          thinkingOverride === 'off' ||
+          (thinkingOverride === undefined &&
+            thinkingCfg.mode === 'manual' &&
+            thinkingCfg.override === 'off');
         codexReasoningProxy = new CodexReasoningProxy({
           upstreamBaseUrl: postSanitizationBaseUrl,
           verbose,
           defaultEffort: 'medium',
+          disableEffort: codexThinkingOff,
           traceFilePath: traceEnabled ? path.join(getCcsDir(), 'codex-reasoning-proxy.log') : '',
           modelMap: {
             defaultModel: initialEnvVars.ANTHROPIC_MODEL,
@@ -875,6 +896,33 @@ export async function execClaudeWithCLIProxy(
   const webSearchEnv = getWebSearchHookEnv();
   logEnvironment(env, webSearchEnv, verbose);
 
+  // 11b. Print thinking status feedback (TTY only, non-piped sessions)
+  if (process.stderr.isTTY) {
+    const thinkingCfgStatus = getThinkingConfig();
+    let thinkingLabel: string;
+    let sourceLabel: string;
+
+    if (thinkingOverride === 'off' || thinkingCfgStatus.mode === 'off') {
+      thinkingLabel = 'off';
+      sourceLabel =
+        thinkingSource === 'flag' ? 'flag' : thinkingSource === 'env' ? 'env' : 'config';
+    } else if (thinkingSource === 'flag') {
+      thinkingLabel = String(thinkingOverride);
+      sourceLabel = `flag: ${thinkingParse.sourceDisplay}`;
+    } else if (thinkingSource === 'env') {
+      thinkingLabel = String(thinkingOverride);
+      sourceLabel = 'env: CCS_THINKING';
+    } else if (thinkingCfgStatus.mode === 'manual' && thinkingCfgStatus.override !== undefined) {
+      thinkingLabel = String(thinkingCfgStatus.override);
+      sourceLabel = 'config: manual';
+    } else {
+      thinkingLabel = thinkingCfgStatus.mode === 'auto' ? 'auto' : 'default';
+      sourceLabel = 'config: auto';
+    }
+
+    console.error(`[i] Thinking: ${thinkingLabel} (${sourceLabel})`);
+  }
+
   // 12. Filter CCS-specific flags before passing to Claude CLI
   const ccsFlags = [
     '--auth',

src/commands/config-command.ts

@@ -68,6 +68,11 @@ function showHelp(): void {
   console.log('    --timeout <s>    Set analysis timeout (seconds)');
   console.log('    --set-model <p> <m>  Set model for provider');
   console.log('');
+  console.log('  thinking           Manage thinking/reasoning settings');
+  console.log('    --mode <mode>    Set mode (auto, off, manual)');
+  console.log('    --override <l>   Set persistent override level');
+  console.log('    --tier <t> <l>   Set tier default level');
+  console.log('');
   console.log('Options:');
   console.log('  --port, -p PORT    Specify server port (default: auto-detect)');
   console.log('  --dev              Development mode with Vite HMR');
@@ -80,6 +85,8 @@ function showHelp(): void {
   console.log('  ccs config auth setup   Configure dashboard login');
   console.log('  ccs config image-analysis          Show image settings');
   console.log('  ccs config image-analysis --enable Enable feature');
+  console.log('  ccs config thinking                Show thinking settings');
+  console.log('  ccs config thinking --mode auto    Set auto mode');
   console.log('');
 }
 
@@ -101,6 +108,13 @@ export async function handleConfigCommand(args: string[]): Promise<void> {
     return;
   }
 
+  // Route thinking subcommand
+  if (args[0] === 'thinking') {
+    const { handleConfigThinkingCommand } = await import('./config-thinking-command');
+    await handleConfigThinkingCommand(args.slice(1));
+    return;
+  }
+
   await initUI();
 
   const options = parseArgs(args);

src/commands/config-thinking-command.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,279 @@
+/**
+ * Config Thinking Command Handler
+ *
+ * Manages thinking section of config.yaml via CLI.
+ * Usage: ccs config thinking [options]
+ */
+
+import { initUI, header, ok, info, warn, fail, subheader, color, dim } from '../utils/ui';
+import {
+  getThinkingConfig,
+  updateUnifiedConfig,
+  loadOrCreateUnifiedConfig,
+} from '../config/unified-config-loader';
+import { DEFAULT_THINKING_TIER_DEFAULTS } from '../config/unified-config-types';
+import { VALID_THINKING_LEVELS } from '../cliproxy/thinking-validator';
+
+const VALID_THINKING_MODES = ['auto', 'off', 'manual'] as const;
+
+interface ThinkingCommandOptions {
+  mode?: string;
+  override?: string;
+  clearOverride?: boolean;
+  tier?: { tier: string; level: string };
+  providerOverride?: { provider: string; tier: string; level: string };
+  help?: boolean;
+}
+
+const VALID_TIERS = ['opus', 'sonnet', 'haiku'] as const;
+
+function parseArgs(args: string[]): ThinkingCommandOptions {
+  const options: ThinkingCommandOptions = {};
+
+  for (let i = 0; i < args.length; i++) {
+    const arg = args[i];
+
+    if (arg === '--mode' && args[i + 1]) {
+      options.mode = args[++i];
+    } else if (arg === '--override' && args[i + 1]) {
+      options.override = args[++i];
+    } else if (arg === '--clear-override') {
+      options.clearOverride = true;
+    } else if (arg === '--tier' && args[i + 1] && args[i + 2]) {
+      options.tier = { tier: args[++i], level: args[++i] };
+    } else if (arg === '--provider-override' && args[i + 1] && args[i + 2] && args[i + 3]) {
+      options.providerOverride = {
+        provider: args[++i],
+        tier: args[++i],
+        level: args[++i],
+      };
+    } else if (arg === '--help' || arg === '-h') {
+      options.help = true;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return options;
+}
+
+function showHelp(): void {
+  console.log('');
+  console.log(header('ccs config thinking'));
+  console.log('');
+  console.log('  Configure extended thinking/reasoning for CLIProxy providers.');
+  console.log('');
+
+  console.log(subheader('Usage:'));
+  console.log(`  ${color('ccs config thinking', 'command')} [options]`);
+  console.log('');
+
+  console.log(subheader('Options:'));
+  console.log(
+    `  ${color('--mode <mode>', 'command')}                    Set mode (auto, off, manual)`
+  );
+  console.log(
+    `  ${color('--override <level>', 'command')}               Set persistent override (manual mode)`
+  );
+  console.log(
+    `  ${color('--clear-override', 'command')}                  Remove persistent override`
+  );
+  console.log(
+    `  ${color('--tier <tier> <level>', 'command')}            Set tier default (opus/sonnet/haiku)`
+  );
+  console.log(
+    `  ${color('--provider-override <p> <t> <l>', 'command')} Set provider-specific tier override`
+  );
+  console.log(`  ${color('--help, -h', 'command')}                        Show this help`);
+  console.log('');
+
+  console.log(subheader('Levels:'));
+  console.log(
+    `  ${dim('minimal (512), low (1K), medium (8K), high (24K), xhigh (32K), auto, off')}`
+  );
+  console.log('');
+
+  console.log(subheader('Examples:'));
+  console.log(
+    `  $ ${color('ccs config thinking', 'command')}                            ${dim('# Show status')}`
+  );
+  console.log(
+    `  $ ${color('ccs config thinking --mode auto', 'command')}                ${dim('# Auto mode')}`
+  );
+  console.log(
+    `  $ ${color('ccs config thinking --mode manual --override high', 'command')} ${dim('# Persistent high')}`
+  );
+  console.log(
+    `  $ ${color('ccs config thinking --tier opus xhigh', 'command')}          ${dim('# Opus -> xhigh')}`
+  );
+  console.log(
+    `  $ ${color('ccs config thinking --provider-override codex opus xhigh', 'command')}`
+  );
+  console.log('');
+
+  console.log(subheader('Environment:'));
+  console.log(
+    `  ${color('CCS_THINKING', 'command')}  Override per-session via env var (priority: flag > env > config)`
+  );
+  console.log(`  ${dim('Example: CCS_THINKING=high ccs codex "debug this"')}`);
+  console.log('');
+}
+
+function showStatus(): void {
+  const config = getThinkingConfig();
+
+  console.log('');
+  console.log(header('Thinking Configuration'));
+  console.log('');
+
+  // Mode
+  const modeText =
+    config.mode === 'auto' ? ok('Auto') : config.mode === 'off' ? warn('Off') : info('Manual');
+  console.log(`  Mode:      ${modeText}`);
+
+  // Override
+  if (config.override !== undefined) {
+    console.log(`  Override:  ${color(String(config.override), 'command')}`);
+  }
+
+  // Warnings
+  console.log(`  Warnings:  ${config.show_warnings !== false ? 'on' : 'off'}`);
+  console.log('');
+
+  // Tier defaults
+  console.log(subheader('Tier Defaults:'));
+  for (const tier of VALID_TIERS) {
+    const level = config.tier_defaults?.[tier] ?? DEFAULT_THINKING_TIER_DEFAULTS[tier];
+    const isDefault = level === DEFAULT_THINKING_TIER_DEFAULTS[tier];
+    const suffix = isDefault ? dim(' (default)') : '';
+    console.log(`  ${color(tier.padEnd(10), 'command')} ${level}${suffix}`);
+  }
+  console.log('');
+
+  // Provider overrides
+  const overrides = config.provider_overrides;
+  if (overrides && Object.keys(overrides).length > 0) {
+    console.log(subheader('Provider Overrides:'));
+    for (const [provider, tierOverrides] of Object.entries(overrides)) {
+      const parts = Object.entries(tierOverrides)
+        .map(([t, l]) => `${t}=${l}`)
+        .join(', ');
+      console.log(`  ${color(provider.padEnd(10), 'command')} ${parts}`);
+    }
+    console.log('');
+  }
+
+  // Config location
+  console.log(subheader('Configuration:'));
+  console.log(`  File: ${color('~/.ccs/config.yaml', 'path')}`);
+  console.log(`  Section: ${dim('thinking')}`);
+  console.log('');
+
+  // Env var hint
+  if (process.env.CCS_THINKING) {
+    console.log(info(`CCS_THINKING env var active: ${process.env.CCS_THINKING}`));
+    console.log('');
+  }
+}
+
+export async function handleConfigThinkingCommand(args: string[]): Promise<void> {
+  await initUI();
+
+  const options = parseArgs(args);
+
+  if (options.help) {
+    showHelp();
+    return;
+  }
+
+  let hasChanges = false;
+  const config = loadOrCreateUnifiedConfig();
+  const thinkingConfig = config.thinking ?? {
+    mode: 'auto' as const,
+    tier_defaults: { ...DEFAULT_THINKING_TIER_DEFAULTS },
+    show_warnings: true,
+  };
+
+  // Validate and apply --mode
+  if (options.mode !== undefined) {
+    if (!(VALID_THINKING_MODES as readonly string[]).includes(options.mode)) {
+      console.error(fail(`Invalid mode: ${options.mode}`));
+      console.error(info(`Valid modes: ${VALID_THINKING_MODES.join(', ')}`));
+      process.exit(1);
+    }
+    thinkingConfig.mode = options.mode as 'auto' | 'off' | 'manual';
+    hasChanges = true;
+  }
+
+  // Validate and apply --override
+  if (options.override !== undefined) {
+    const normalized = options.override.toLowerCase().trim();
+    if (
+      !(VALID_THINKING_LEVELS as readonly string[]).includes(normalized) &&
+      !/^\d+$/.test(normalized)
+    ) {
+      console.error(fail(`Invalid override: ${options.override}`));
+      console.error(info(`Valid levels: ${VALID_THINKING_LEVELS.join(', ')}, or a number`));
+      process.exit(1);
+    }
+    thinkingConfig.override = /^\d+$/.test(normalized)
+      ? Number.parseInt(normalized, 10)
+      : normalized;
+    hasChanges = true;
+  }
+
+  // Apply --clear-override
+  if (options.clearOverride) {
+    thinkingConfig.override = undefined;
+    hasChanges = true;
+  }
+
+  // Validate and apply --tier
+  if (options.tier) {
+    const { tier, level } = options.tier;
+    if (!(VALID_TIERS as readonly string[]).includes(tier)) {
+      console.error(fail(`Invalid tier: ${tier}`));
+      console.error(info(`Valid tiers: ${VALID_TIERS.join(', ')}`));
+      process.exit(1);
+    }
+    if (!(VALID_THINKING_LEVELS as readonly string[]).includes(level.toLowerCase())) {
+      console.error(fail(`Invalid level for ${tier}: ${level}`));
+      console.error(info(`Valid levels: ${VALID_THINKING_LEVELS.join(', ')}`));
+      process.exit(1);
+    }
+    thinkingConfig.tier_defaults = {
+      ...DEFAULT_THINKING_TIER_DEFAULTS,
+      ...thinkingConfig.tier_defaults,
+      [tier]: level.toLowerCase(),
+    };
+    hasChanges = true;
+  }
+
+  // Validate and apply --provider-override
+  if (options.providerOverride) {
+    const { provider, tier, level } = options.providerOverride;
+    if (!(VALID_TIERS as readonly string[]).includes(tier)) {
+      console.error(fail(`Invalid tier: ${tier}`));
+      process.exit(1);
+    }
+    if (!(VALID_THINKING_LEVELS as readonly string[]).includes(level.toLowerCase())) {
+      console.error(fail(`Invalid level: ${level}`));
+      process.exit(1);
+    }
+    thinkingConfig.provider_overrides = {
+      ...thinkingConfig.provider_overrides,
+      [provider]: {
+        ...thinkingConfig.provider_overrides?.[provider],
+        [tier]: level.toLowerCase(),
+      },
+    };
+    hasChanges = true;
+  }
+
+  if (hasChanges) {
+    updateUnifiedConfig({ thinking: thinkingConfig });
+    console.log(ok('Configuration updated'));
+    console.log('');
+  }
+
+  // Always show current status
+  showStatus();
+}

src/commands/help-command.ts

@@ -282,6 +282,8 @@ Run ${color('ccs config', 'command')} for web dashboard`.trim();
     ['ccs config auth show', 'Show dashboard auth status'],
     ['ccs config image-analysis', 'Show image analysis settings'],
     ['ccs config image-analysis --enable', 'Enable image analysis'],
+    ['ccs config thinking', 'Show thinking/reasoning settings'],
+    ['ccs config thinking --mode auto', 'Set thinking mode'],
     ['ccs config --port 3000', 'Use specific port'],
     ['ccs persist <profile>', 'Write profile env to ~/.claude/settings.json'],
     ['ccs persist --list-backups', 'List available settings.json backups'],
@@ -404,6 +406,7 @@ Run ${color('ccs config', 'command')} for web dashboard`.trim();
     ['CCS_DIR', 'Override CCS config directory (default: ~/.ccs)'],
     ['CCS_HOME', 'Override home directory (legacy, appends .ccs)'],
     ['CCS_DEBUG', 'Enable debug logging'],
+    ['CCS_THINKING', 'Override thinking level (flag > env > config)'],
   ]);
 
   // CLI Proxy env vars

ui/src/pages/settings/hooks/use-thinking-config.ts

@@ -156,6 +156,42 @@ export function useThinkingConfig() {
     [saveConfig]
   );
 
+  const setOverride = useCallback(
+    (value: string | number | undefined) => {
+      saveConfig({ override: value });
+    },
+    [saveConfig]
+  );
+
+  const setProviderOverride = useCallback(
+    (provider: string, tier: 'opus' | 'sonnet' | 'haiku', level: string | undefined) => {
+      const currentOverrides = config?.provider_overrides || {};
+      const currentProviderOverrides = currentOverrides[provider] || {};
+
+      if (level === undefined) {
+        // Remove the tier override
+        const { [tier]: _, ...rest } = currentProviderOverrides;
+        const updatedProvider = Object.keys(rest).length > 0 ? rest : undefined;
+        const { [provider]: __, ...otherProviders } = currentOverrides;
+        const updatedOverrides = updatedProvider
+          ? { ...otherProviders, [provider]: updatedProvider }
+          : otherProviders;
+        saveConfig({
+          provider_overrides:
+            Object.keys(updatedOverrides).length > 0 ? updatedOverrides : undefined,
+        });
+      } else {
+        saveConfig({
+          provider_overrides: {
+            ...currentOverrides,
+            [provider]: { ...currentProviderOverrides, [tier]: level },
+          },
+        });
+      }
+    },
+    [config, saveConfig]
+  );
+
   return {
     config: config || DEFAULT_THINKING_CONFIG,
     loading,
@@ -167,5 +203,7 @@ export function useThinkingConfig() {
     setMode,
     setTierDefault,
     setShowWarnings,
+    setOverride,
+    setProviderOverride,
   };
 }

ui/src/pages/settings/sections/thinking/index.tsx

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
  * Settings section for thinking budget configuration
  */
 
-import { useEffect } from 'react';
+import { useEffect, useState } from 'react';
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { Alert, AlertDescription } from '@/components/ui/alert';
 import { ScrollArea } from '@/components/ui/scroll-area';
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ import {
   SelectTrigger,
   SelectValue,
 } from '@/components/ui/select';
-import { RefreshCw, CheckCircle2, AlertCircle, Brain, Info } from 'lucide-react';
+import { RefreshCw, CheckCircle2, AlertCircle, Brain, Info, ChevronDown } from 'lucide-react';
 import { useThinkingConfig } from '../../hooks';
 import type { ThinkingMode } from '../../types';
 
@@ -29,6 +29,14 @@ const THINKING_LEVELS = [
   { value: 'auto', label: 'Auto (dynamic)' },
 ];
 
+const OVERRIDE_LEVELS = [
+  { value: '__none__', label: 'None (use CLI flags only)' },
+  ...THINKING_LEVELS,
+  { value: 'off', label: 'Off (disable thinking)' },
+];
+
+const KNOWN_PROVIDERS = ['agy', 'gemini', 'codex'] as const;
+
 export default function ThinkingSection() {
   const {
     config,
@@ -40,7 +48,10 @@ export default function ThinkingSection() {
     setMode,
     setTierDefault,
     setShowWarnings,
+    setOverride,
+    setProviderOverride,
   } = useThinkingConfig();
+  const [providerOverridesOpen, setProviderOverridesOpen] = useState(false);
 
   useEffect(() => {
     fetchConfig();
@@ -146,7 +157,7 @@ export default function ThinkingSection() {
                       {mode === 'auto' && 'Automatically set thinking based on model tier'}
                       {mode === 'off' && 'Disable extended thinking'}
                       {mode === 'manual' &&
-                        'Use --thinking (agy/gemini) or --effort (codex) per run'}
+                        'Set a persistent override level or use CLI flags per run'}
                     </p>
                   </div>
                   <div
@@ -195,6 +206,94 @@ export default function ThinkingSection() {
             </div>
           )}
 
+          {/* Manual Override (shown when mode is manual) */}
+          {config.mode === 'manual' && (
+            <div className="space-y-3">
+              <h3 className="text-base font-medium">Persistent Override</h3>
+              <p className="text-sm text-muted-foreground">
+                Applied to all sessions. CLI flags still take priority.
+              </p>
+              <Select
+                value={config.override !== undefined ? String(config.override) : '__none__'}
+                onValueChange={(value) => setOverride(value === '__none__' ? undefined : value)}
+                disabled={saving}
+              >
+                <SelectTrigger>
+                  <SelectValue />
+                </SelectTrigger>
+                <SelectContent>
+                  {OVERRIDE_LEVELS.map((level) => (
+                    <SelectItem key={level.value} value={level.value}>
+                      {level.label}
+                    </SelectItem>
+                  ))}
+                </SelectContent>
+              </Select>
+            </div>
+          )}
+
+          {/* Provider Overrides (collapsible) */}
+          <div className="space-y-3">
+            <button
+              type="button"
+              className="flex items-center gap-2 text-base font-medium w-full text-left"
+              onClick={() => setProviderOverridesOpen(!providerOverridesOpen)}
+            >
+              <ChevronDown
+                className={`w-4 h-4 transition-transform ${providerOverridesOpen ? 'rotate-0' : '-rotate-90'}`}
+              />
+              Provider Overrides
+            </button>
+            {providerOverridesOpen && (
+              <div className="space-y-3">
+                <p className="text-sm text-muted-foreground">
+                  Override tier defaults for specific providers.
+                </p>
+                {KNOWN_PROVIDERS.map((provider) => (
+                  <div key={provider} className="space-y-2 p-3 rounded-lg bg-muted/30">
+                    <Label className="capitalize font-medium text-sm">{provider}</Label>
+                    <div className="grid grid-cols-3 gap-2">
+                      {(['opus', 'sonnet', 'haiku'] as const).map((tier) => {
+                        const currentValue =
+                          config.provider_overrides?.[provider]?.[tier] || '__default__';
+                        return (
+                          <div key={tier} className="space-y-1">
+                            <Label className="text-xs text-muted-foreground capitalize">
+                              {tier}
+                            </Label>
+                            <Select
+                              value={currentValue}
+                              onValueChange={(value) =>
+                                setProviderOverride(
+                                  provider,
+                                  tier,
+                                  value === '__default__' ? undefined : value
+                                )
+                              }
+                              disabled={saving}
+                            >
+                              <SelectTrigger className="h-8 text-xs">
+                                <SelectValue />
+                              </SelectTrigger>
+                              <SelectContent>
+                                <SelectItem value="__default__">Default</SelectItem>
+                                {THINKING_LEVELS.map((level) => (
+                                  <SelectItem key={level.value} value={level.value}>
+                                    {level.label}
+                                  </SelectItem>
+                                ))}
+                              </SelectContent>
+                            </Select>
+                          </div>
+                        );
+                      })}
+                    </div>
+                  </div>
+                ))}
+              </div>
+            )}
+          </div>
+
           {/* Show Warnings Toggle */}
           <div className="flex items-center justify-between p-4 rounded-lg bg-muted/50">
             <div>
@@ -212,17 +311,17 @@ export default function ThinkingSection() {
 
           {/* Info Box */}
           <div className="p-4 rounded-lg border bg-muted/30">
-            <h4 className="text-sm font-medium mb-2">CLI Override</h4>
+            <h4 className="text-sm font-medium mb-2">CLI &amp; Env Override</h4>
             <p className="text-sm text-muted-foreground mb-2">
-              Override per session with{' '}
+              Override per session with flags or{' '}
-              <code className="px-1.5 py-0.5 rounded bg-muted">--thinking</code> (agy/gemini) or{' '}
+              <code className="px-1.5 py-0.5 rounded bg-muted">CCS_THINKING</code> env var.
-              <code className="px-1.5 py-0.5 rounded bg-muted">--effort</code> (codex):
+              Priority: flag &gt; env &gt; config.
             </p>
             <div className="space-y-1 text-sm font-mono text-muted-foreground">
               <p>ccs gemini --thinking high</p>
-              <p>ccs agy --thinking 16384</p>
               <p>ccs codex --effort xhigh</p>
-              <p>ccs codex -p "Refactor this module" --effort xhigh</p>
+              <p>CCS_THINKING=high ccs codex &quot;debug this&quot;</p>
+              <p>ccs config thinking --mode auto</p>
             </div>
           </div>
         </div>