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java-design-patterns/localization/zh/factory-method
Ilkka Seppälä 4108f86177 docs: Prepare for new website launch (#2149)
* Changed database implementation. Removed static objects.

* Fix Logs

* Fix 40 errors from checkstyle plugin run. 139 left))

* Fix CacheStore errors from checkstyle plugin 107 left

* Fix last errors in checkstyle.

* Fix sonar issues

* Fix issues in VALIDATE phase

* Fix Bug with mongo connection. Used "Try with resources"

* Add test

* Added docker-compose for mongo db. MongoDb db work fixed.

* Provided missing tests

* Comments to start Application with mongo.

* Fix some broken links

* Remove extra space

* Update filename

* Fix some links in localization folders

* Fix link

* Update frontmatters

* Work on patterns index page

* Work on index page

* Fixes according PR comments. Mainly Readme edits.

* fix frontmatter

* add missing png

* Update pattern index.md

* Add index.md for Chinese translation

* update image paths

* update circuit breaker image paths

* Update image paths for localizations

* add generated puml

* Add missing image

* Update img file extensions

* Update the rest of the EN and ZH patterns to conform with the new website

Co-authored-by: Victor Zalevskii <zvictormail@gmail.com>
2022-10-23 16:29:49 +03:00
..

title, category, language, tags
title category language tags
Factory Method Creational zh
Extensibility
Gang Of Four

Also known as

或称

虚拟构造器

目的

为创建一个对象定义一个接口,但是让子类决定实例化哪个类。工厂方法允许类将实例化延迟到子类。

解释

真实世界例子

铁匠生产武器。精灵需要精灵武器,而兽人需要兽人武器。根据客户来召唤正确类型的铁匠。

通俗的说

它为类提供了一种把实例化的逻辑委托给子类的方式。

维基百科上说

在基于类的编程中,工厂方法模式是一种创建型设计模式用来解决创建对象的问题,而不需要指定将要创建对象的确切类。这是通过调用工厂方法创建对象来完成的,而不是通过调用构造器。该工厂方法在接口中指定并由子类实现,或者在基类实现并可以选择由子类重写。

程序示例

以上面的铁匠为例,首先我们有铁匠的接口和一些它的实现。

public interface Blacksmith {
  Weapon manufactureWeapon(WeaponType weaponType);
}

public class ElfBlacksmith implements Blacksmith {
  public Weapon manufactureWeapon(WeaponType weaponType) {
    return ELFARSENAL.get(weaponType);
  }
}

public class OrcBlacksmith implements Blacksmith {
  public Weapon manufactureWeapon(WeaponType weaponType) {
    return ORCARSENAL.get(weaponType);
  }
}

现在随着客户的到来,会召唤出正确类型的铁匠并制造出要求的武器。

var blacksmith = new ElfBlacksmith();
blacksmith.manufactureWeapon(WeaponType.SPEAR);
blacksmith.manufactureWeapon(WeaponType.AXE);
// Elvish weapons are created

类图

alt text

适用性

使用工厂方法模式当

  • 一个类无法预料它所要必须创建的对象的类
  • 一个类想要它的子类来指定它要创建的对象
  • 类将责任委派给几个帮助子类中的一个,而你想定位了解是具体之中的哪一个

Java中的例子

鸣谢