diff --git a/protocol/src/main/java/com/zfoo/protocol/ProtocolManager.java b/protocol/src/main/java/com/zfoo/protocol/ProtocolManager.java
index f7123fe0..3613bf88 100644
--- a/protocol/src/main/java/com/zfoo/protocol/ProtocolManager.java
+++ b/protocol/src/main/java/com/zfoo/protocol/ProtocolManager.java
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ package com.zfoo.protocol;
 
 import com.zfoo.protocol.buffer.ByteBufUtils;
 import com.zfoo.protocol.collection.HashMapIntShort;
+import com.zfoo.protocol.exception.DecodeException;
 import com.zfoo.protocol.generate.GenerateOperation;
 import com.zfoo.protocol.registration.IProtocolRegistration;
 import com.zfoo.protocol.registration.ProtocolAnalysis;
@@ -70,7 +71,13 @@ public class ProtocolManager {
      * ByteBuf convert to byte[] using ByteBufUtils.readAllBytes(ByteBuf) in zfoo
      */
     public static Object read(ByteBuf buffer) {
-        return protocols[ByteBufUtils.readShort(buffer)].read(buffer);
+        short protocolId = -1;
+        try {
+            protocolId = ByteBufUtils.readShort(buffer);
+            return protocols[protocolId].read(buffer);
+        } catch (Throwable e) {
+            throw new DecodeException(e, protocolId);
+        }
     }
 
     public static IProtocolRegistration getProtocol(short protocolId) {
diff --git a/protocol/src/main/java/com/zfoo/protocol/exception/DecodeException.java b/protocol/src/main/java/com/zfoo/protocol/exception/DecodeException.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..76ae547c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/protocol/src/main/java/com/zfoo/protocol/exception/DecodeException.java
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+package com.zfoo.protocol.exception;
+
+import com.zfoo.protocol.util.StringUtils;
+
+public class DecodeException extends RuntimeException {
+    /**
+     * msg id
+     */
+    private final short protocolId;
+
+    public DecodeException(Throwable e, short protocolId) {
+        super(e);
+        this.protocolId = protocolId;
+    }
+
+    public short getProtocolId() {
+        return protocolId;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        String sss = super.toString();
+        return StringUtils.format("{},  protocolId={} ", sss, protocolId);
+    }
+}