Files
java-design-patterns/localization/zh/arrange-act-assert/README.md
T
Ilkka Seppälä 4108f86177 docs: Prepare for new website launch (#2149)
* Changed database implementation. Removed static objects.

* Fix Logs

* Fix 40 errors from checkstyle plugin run. 139 left))

* Fix CacheStore errors from checkstyle plugin 107 left

* Fix last errors in checkstyle.

* Fix sonar issues

* Fix issues in VALIDATE phase

* Fix Bug with mongo connection. Used "Try with resources"

* Add test

* Added docker-compose for mongo db. MongoDb db work fixed.

* Provided missing tests

* Comments to start Application with mongo.

* Fix some broken links

* Remove extra space

* Update filename

* Fix some links in localization folders

* Fix link

* Update frontmatters

* Work on patterns index page

* Work on index page

* Fixes according PR comments. Mainly Readme edits.

* fix frontmatter

* add missing png

* Update pattern index.md

* Add index.md for Chinese translation

* update image paths

* update circuit breaker image paths

* Update image paths for localizations

* add generated puml

* Add missing image

* Update img file extensions

* Update the rest of the EN and ZH patterns to conform with the new website

Co-authored-by: Victor Zalevskii <zvictormail@gmail.com>
2022-10-23 16:29:49 +03:00

138 lines
3.6 KiB
Markdown
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters
This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.
---
title: Arrange/Act/Assert
category: Idiom
language: zh
tags:
- Testing
---
## 或称
Given/When/Then
## 意图
安排/执行/断言(AAA)是组织单元测试的一种模式。
它将测试分为三个清晰而独特的步骤:
1. 安排:执行测试所需的设置和初始化。
2. 执行:采取测试所需的行动。
3. 断言:验证测试结果。
## 解释
这种模式有几个明显的好处。 它在测试的设置,操作和结果之间建立了清晰的分隔。 这种结构使代码更易于阅读和理解。 如果按顺序排列步骤并格式化代码以将它们分开,则可以扫描测试并快速了解其功能。
当您编写测试时,它还会强制执行一定程度的纪律。 您必须清楚地考虑您的测试将执行的三个步骤。 由于您已经有了大纲,因此可以使同时编写测试变得更加自然。
真实世界例子
> 我们需要为一个类编写全面而清晰的单元测试套件。
通俗地说
> 安排/执行/断言是一种测试模式,将测试分为三个清晰的步骤以方便维护。
WikiWikiWeb 上说
> 安排/执行/断言是用于在单元测试方法中排列和格式化代码的模式。
**程序示例**
让我们首先介绍要进行单元测试的`Cash`类。
```java
public class Cash {
private int amount;
Cash(int amount) {
this.amount = amount;
}
void plus(int addend) {
amount += addend;
}
boolean minus(int subtrahend) {
if (amount >= subtrahend) {
amount -= subtrahend;
return true;
} else {
return false;
}
}
int count() {
return amount;
}
}
```
然后我们根据安排/ 执行 / 断言模式编写单元测试。 注意每个单元测试的步骤是分开的清晰的。
```java
class CashAAATest {
@Test
void testPlus() {
//Arrange
var cash = new Cash(3);
//Act
cash.plus(4);
//Assert
assertEquals(7, cash.count());
}
@Test
void testMinus() {
//Arrange
var cash = new Cash(8);
//Act
var result = cash.minus(5);
//Assert
assertTrue(result);
assertEquals(3, cash.count());
}
@Test
void testInsufficientMinus() {
//Arrange
var cash = new Cash(1);
//Act
var result = cash.minus(6);
//Assert
assertFalse(result);
assertEquals(1, cash.count());
}
@Test
void testUpdate() {
//Arrange
var cash = new Cash(5);
//Act
cash.plus(6);
var result = cash.minus(3);
//Assert
assertTrue(result);
assertEquals(8, cash.count());
}
}
```
## 适用性
使用 安排/执行/断言 模式当
* 你需要结构化你的单元测试代码这样它们可以更好的阅读,维护和增强。
## 鸣谢
* [Arrange, Act, Assert: What is AAA Testing?](https://blog.ncrunch.net/post/arrange-act-assert-aaa-testing.aspx)
* [Bill Wake: 3A Arrange, Act, Assert](https://xp123.com/articles/3a-arrange-act-assert/)
* [Martin Fowler: GivenWhenThen](https://martinfowler.com/bliki/GivenWhenThen.html)
* [xUnit Test Patterns: Refactoring Test Code](https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0131495054/ref=as_li_qf_asin_il_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=javadesignpat-20&creative=9325&linkCode=as2&creativeASIN=0131495054&linkId=99701e8f4af2f7e8dd50d720c9b63dbf)
* [Unit Testing Principles, Practices, and Patterns](https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/1617296279/ref=as_li_qf_asin_il_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=javadesignpat-20&creative=9325&linkCode=as2&creativeASIN=1617296279&linkId=74c75cf22a63c3e4758ae08aa0a0cc35)
* [Test Driven Development: By Example](https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0321146530/ref=as_li_qf_asin_il_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=javadesignpat-20&creative=9325&linkCode=as2&creativeASIN=0321146530&linkId=5c63a93d8c1175b84ca5087472ef0e05)